Do gold earrings have to be real gold to look right? No. What they have to be is the right weight and the right colour of gold, and that has nothing to do with the price on the till receipt. I've worn cheap gold plate that passed a full working week under office lighting without anyone clocking it, and I've worn a pair of "9 carat" studs that went the colour of a 2p coin within a fortnight because they weren't stored away from moisture. It's not always about spend. It's about knowing what you're buying.
Gold earrings are the one thing in my collection that go with everything else without a second thought, which is rare enough to mention. They sit quietly against a plain white shirt, they don't fight with a patterned blazer the way silver sometimes does, and they're the only jewellery I trust myself to put on at seven in the morning without checking in a mirror twice. A small hoop or a stud works under a collar without catching on it, which matters more than people admit until they've spent a meeting unpicking an earring from their own lapel. For anyone building this out, that's the detail to test before anything else, not the shine.
Fit, for earrings, mostly means weight and backing, not size. A hoop that looks delicate in the packet can drag at the earlobe by lunchtime if the metal's too heavy for its thinness, and you'll know because you'll be fiddling with your ear in every meeting after two. Butterfly backs on studs should sit flush, not loose enough to spin, and if a clasp feels stiff or gritty out of the box, that's not a one off, that's the whole batch. Cheap gold plate also has a habit of wearing thinner right at the post, which is exactly where it touches your skin, so that's the spot to check if you're prone to a reaction. If you're starting with nothing, go for a plain stud in a mid size, something that reads as gold from across a room but isn't trying to be a statement. Everything else you buy afterwards will sit next to it happily.
The good ones have a particular kind of weight to them, not heavy, just solid, so when you put them in you feel it settle rather than just see it in the mirror. That's the bit worth paying for.